# What is Quantum Physics? The study of matter and energy at the atomic level. It governs the behavior of particles like electrons and photons. Quantum physics has revolutionized our understanding of the universe.

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The Quantum World: Key Concepts
Quantization means energy and momentum are discrete. Electrons in atoms can only occupy specific energy levels. Planck's constant (h ≈ 6.626 x 10^-34 J·s) defines smallest energy unit.
Wave-Particle Duality
Particles exhibit both wave-like and particle-like properties. This is demonstrated by the double-slit experiment. De Broglie wavelength (λ = h/p) relates wavelength to momentum.
Superposition and Entanglement
Superposition means a particle exists in multiple states simultaneously. An example is Schrödinger's cat. Entanglement links two particles. Measuring one instantly affects the other.
The Uncertainty Principle
Precise measurement of position and momentum is fundamentally limited. Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle: Δx Δp ≥ ħ/2. This has implications for observation at quantum scales.
Quantum Field Theory
Quantum Field Theory combines quantum mechanics and special relativity. The fundamental entities are fields, not particles. The electromagnetic field gives rise to photons. Describes interactions.
Applications of Quantum Physics
Quantum physics has many modern applications. Lasers are based on stimulated emission of photons. Transistors utilize quantum mechanical tunneling. MRI relies on quantum spin.
Conclusion: The Quantum Revolution
Quantum physics revolutionized our understanding of the universe. It underpins many modern technologies. Ongoing research promises even more transformative applications.
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